SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

The simple present tense is used:

The Express habits, general truths, repeated Action or unchanging situations emotions and wishes:

p I sleep (habit)

p I work in Office (unchanging situation)

p Indonesia is large country (general truth)

To give intructions or directions:

f Youny walk for one hundred meter, then you turn left.

Express fixed arrangments, present of future:

vYour exam start at 10.00 am

Formula of Verbal Sentence:

Subject: I, you, we, they

+SUBJECT + INFINITIVE (V1)

Subject: He, she, it

+SUBJECT + INFINITIVE (V1) + S/ES

Subject: I, you, we, they

-SUBJECT + DO + NOT + INFINITIVE (V1)

Subject: He, she, it

-SUBJECT + DOES + NOT + INFINITIVE (V1)

Subject: I, you, we, they

?DO +SUBJECT + INFINITIVE (V1) ?

Subject: He, she, it

? DOES + SUBJECT + INFINITIVE (V1) ?

EXAMPLE:

+ Dayanna works hard everyday.

- Dayanna does not (doesn’t) work hard everyday.

? Does Dayanna work hard everyday?

Formula of Nominal Sentence

Subject: I, you, we, they, he, she, it

+SUBJECT + TO BE + NON VERB

Subject: I, you, we, he, she, it

-SUBJECT + TO BE +NOT + NON VERB

Subject: I, you, we, he, she, it

? TO BE + SUBJECT + NON VERB?

EXAMPLE:

+ She is a doctor.

- She is not a doctor.

? Is she a doctor?

Speaking: Speech

Speaking: Speech

Direct speech (kalimat langsung)

Reporting verb (the verb reported) and Repoted word = (verb reported)

Example: Daey hoo says,”I go to the school everyday”

Reporting verbs : “Daey hoo says”!

Repted words : “I go to school everyday”

Which must be observed:

1. Comma (,) between the Reporting Reported verb and word.

2. Reported word on direct speech, write on quatation marks ( ") quotation marks

3. Reporting verb in front sentence, but can in ending sentence:

He said, "I'm happy".

"I do not like banana", said Lady Daey.

Take a good look!

If the active{ sentence, the subject Personal Pernoun, for example, he, she, it, etc, so when placed in the back, the subject is placed after the words Reported.

If the active{ sentence the subject Proper Noun, for example, Siti, Teccy, Komaroh, etc, so when placed behind, the subject is placed at the end of the sentenceIndirect Speech ( Kalimat Tak langsung)

Example:

D : She says, “I’m very good in Engish”.

I : She says, that he she very good in English”.

D= Direct speech I= Inderect speech

Can you find different for that example!

Which must be observed:

1. Between Reporting and reporters verb word, use conjuction.

2. In qutation speech marks Inderect not use.Based on the reported type of sentence, in Indirect speech is divided into

3 groups:

1. Command and requests (commands and Application)

2. Statement (statement)3. Question (Question

Vocabs: Shape, Part pf Body

Vocabs: Shape, Part pf Body

Shapes is all geomatrical information thet remains when location, scale and rotation effects are filtered out from an object.

NARRATIVE TEXT

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NARRATIVE TEXT

A narrative is a text to amuse, entertain and deal with actual or vicarious experience in different ways. Narratives deal with problematic events which lead to acrisis or turning point of some kind which in trun find a resolution.

The generic structure of narrative text:

1. Orientation : It set the scene and introduces the participants (it answer the question, Who,What,When and Where).

2. Complication : A crisis of a problems aries. It usually involves the main characters.

3. Resolution : A Solutions the problem (for Better or worse). Main charaters find a way to solven the problem.

Other generic structure of the text:

J Evaluation : (optional) a step back to evaluate the plight (the narrator’s viewpoint).

JCoda : (optional) Change of the characteristic or lesson/value of the story.

J Re-orientation : (optional)

Language fetures:

M Nouns (kata ganti orang dalam cerita; stepsister,housework,etc)

MAdjectives (membentuk noun phrase; long Black hair,etc)

MTimes connectives dan conjuctions (mengurutkan kejadian; and, than,before,that, etc)

M Action verbs (past tense; stayed)

MSaying verbs (menandai ucapan; said,told and thinking verbs yang menandai pikiran/perasaan tokoh; felt,thought,etc)

M Simple Past Tense

Kinds of narrative text:

-A myth -A legenda -Fable - A folklore

Example

The Smartest Parrot

Once kupon time, a man had a wonderful parrot. There was no another parrot like it. Tha parrot could say every word, except one word. The parrot would not the say name of the place where it was born. The name of the place was Castano.

The man felt excited having the samrtest parrot but he could not understand why the parrot would not say Castano. The man tired to tech the bird say “Castano”.

At the First, the man was very nice to the bird but the he got very angry. “You stupid bird!”, pointed the man to the parrot. “Why can’t say the word? Say Castano! Or I will kill you!”, the man said angrily. Althougt he tired to hard teach the parrot would not say it. Then the man got so angry and shouted to the bird over, “Say Castano or I’ll kill you!”. The bird kept not to say the word”Casatano”.

One day, after he had been trying so many time to make the bird say Casatno, the man really got very angry. He picked the parrot and threw it into the chickens house. There were four old chickens for next dinner, “You are as stupid as the chickens. Just stay with them.”Said the man angrily.

The next day, the man came back to the chiken house. He opened the door and wasvery suprised . He could not belive what he saw at the chicken house. There was Three death chickens on the floor. At the momen, the parrot was standing proudly at the last old chicken,”Say Castano or I’ll kill you!”

Recount Text

Recount Text

Recount text is a text that is used to rettel event for the purpose of informing or entertaining.

The generic structure:

-Orientation (it gives the readers to background information needed to understand the text such as who was involved, where it happened when it happened)

$Events (a series of events, ordered in a chronologi sequence)

$ Re-orientation (restates the writer’s opinion or personal comment of the writter on the incident)

The significant lexicogrammatical features:

T Use of “Simple Past Tense”

TUse of “Temporal Conjuctions” (when,Rafter,before,next,etc)

T Use of “Personal Pronoun” (I,we)

Title “A Visit to a Sheep Property”

Orientations Last Holiday I visited a sheep property I helped in th shearing sheds and in the yards.

Seguence of Events On the First day the Merino wethers were crutched. I helped by the sweeping up after the rousebout picked up the wool pieces. Sheares start early (at 07.30 a.m).

After linch, we starter seharing the lambs. There were more than 400 so we didn’t finis until the next day. Once again I was sweeping and picking up dags.

I was tried by the and of the day in the Seed but our work wasn’t finished. We all had to help to get the weathers and lambs back into the paddocks. As, well we had to get a mob of ewes and their lambs into yards for seharing the next day.

Re-orientation This was a very long day but i enjoyed it a lot.